Enhancing Integration and Networking in Regional Smart Urban Development for Sustainable Cities: The Role of Subnational Actors in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the European Union (EU)

This study explores the crucial influence of local actors in enhancing integration and networking within regional smart urban development initiatives in ASEAN and the EU, with focusing on achieving Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11). Through comparative analysis, it examines how city governments, local authorities, and regional organizations implement smart city projects tailored to local needs. The EU's decentralized approach effectively encourages citizen engagement and supports governance frameworks for inclusive urban development. On the other hand, the coordinated strategy of centralization for ASEAN is a true reciprocal involvement profoundness in view of its political landscape, seeking sustainability, resilience, and inclusivity in urban living. This paper's research reveals that smart city projects in ASEAN and the EU are promoting sustainable urban development, wiser resource management, and more inclusive communities, all of which are related to SDG 11. However, there are certain challenges to overcome, such as the complexity caused by these innovative technologies and the need for strong governance to ensure that these efforts improve sustainability. Policy ideas include developing collaborative frameworks engaging a wide range of stakeholders, expanding investment in digital infrastructure, and encouraging inclusive governance models to tailor smart city programs to the specific requirements of local communities.