Design of O+E Band Hybrid Optical Signal Amplifier via Praseodymium and Thulium Doped Fibers

In this paper, a hybrid optical amplifier (HOA) for O+eband amplification is presented using a Praseodymium-doped fiber amplifier (PDFA) and Thulium-doped fiber amplifier (TDFA) by optimizing the pumping schemes and amplifiers' lengths. A signal gain (<tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$G$</tex>)> 15.03 dB and noise figure (NF)< 5.2 dB with a maximum gain of 46.56 dB at 1310 nm have been observed for the wavelength region of 1280 nm to 1470 nm. Also, the gain maximizes to values> 30 dB in the wavelength ranges of 1290 nm to 1350 nm and 1420 nm to 1470 nm. The impact of the nonlinear ion-ion interaction mechanism (IM) effect on the signal gain is also observed and minimized by optimizing the amplifier's parameters. Utilizing the optimized set of parameters in the O-band, a gain deterioration of 1.93% has been observed at the wavelength of 1310 nm. Apparently, in the E band, the gain increases to 0.3% at the wavelength of 1390 nm with the inclusion of IM effects.