Security–Reliability Tradeoff Analysis for SWIPT-Enabled Dual-Hop Vehicular Communication System Over Double Nakagami-<i>m</i> Channels

Simultaneous wireless information and power transmission (SWIPT)-enabled vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) systems use radio frequency (RF) signals for both information transmission and power. It reduces energy consumption, increases spectrum efficiency, and optimizes resource allocation to improve overall system performance. In this article, we investigate the physical-layer security (PLS) for a SWIPT enabled V2V cooperative communication system in which a source vehicle (S) transmits information to a destination vehicle (D) through an intermediate vehicle treated as relay node (R). During analysis, it is assumed that two independent vehicular nodes in the same road, i.e., eavesdroppers (<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) are trying to intercept the information from different legitimate channels. The communication links are assumed to follow the double Nakagami-m (DNm) fading distribution. The study examines the security performance of the networks by calculating the secrecy outage probability (SOP), strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC), intercept probability (IP), and connection outage probability (COP). Next, we extend to the analysis of tradeoff between security and reliability as well as tradeoff between secrecy rate and secrecy outage which are termed as security and reliability tradeoff (SRT) and effective secrecy throughput (EST). For a comprehensive analysis, the results are produced for different values of the fading parameter <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(m)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, power splitting factor <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(\rho)$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and secrecy thresholds. The results clearly indicate that an increase in m leads to an enhancement in the secrecy performance. Additionally, the results show that secrecy performance improves as <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\rho $ </tex-math></inline-formula> decreases. Finally, the Monte-Carlo simulation results are presented to verify our proposed analytical models.