Exploring leaving-care and post-care experiences: What have helped care leavers in China?

• A qualitative study involving 22 care leavers. • Positive inner qualities serve as protective factors during the transition out of care and subsequent adaptations. • Supportive relationships with significant others provide ongoing influence throughout the life journey. • The development and strengthening of family and peer networks act as protective factors in the post-care period. The transition out of state out-of-home care is a critical and challenging phase for young individuals with care experience worldwide, yet there is limited understanding of the positive aspects of this transition, particularly in China. This study employs a qualitative research approach to explore the protective factors that facilitate young people’s transition out of care and their adaptation to post-care life. Thematic analysis of semi-structured interview transcripts from 22 care leavers in China highlights the significant role of personal qualities and support from significant others in navigating the challenges at each life stage. Supportive relationships are crucial, providing continuous influence throughout their life journeys. Additionally, the development and strengthening of family and peer networks further enhance young people’s resilience and life satisfaction in the post-care period. However, the study also identifies substantial gaps in formal support structures, underscoring the need for policy and practice innovations to better address the unique needs of care leavers. This research contributes to the understanding of care leavers’ experiences in China and offers insights that may inform the development of more effective support mechanisms to improve their outcomes in adulthood.