Discussion on the Legal Path of “Railway + Industry” Construction Mode Based on Green and Low Carbon

The transformation of established railways is encountering several practical dilemmas. Given the influence of aging rail infrastructure on urban development and the rule of law within society, it is evident that the low-carbon transformation of old railways represents an inevitable trend in social development. Consequently, this study proposes an integrated development model of ‘railway + industry,’ which emphasizes the green transformation of outdated railways while addressing the requirements of financial balance and reduced emissions. Furthermore, an in-depth examination of the policy and legal challenges associated with the regeneration of railways following the introduction of new industries is conducted. The findings suggest that, in the absence of effective nationwide legal support for carbon emission reduction at this time, establishing a carbon emission reduction fund may be a viable solution. This fund would provide financial assistance for carbon budgeting and establish a corresponding guarantee mechanism, alongside a clearly defined legislative pathway, thereby facilitating the green and low-carbon development of the engineering and construction sectors