Social Epidemiology of Dual Use of Electronic and Combustible Cigarettes Among U.S. Adults: Insights from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study

The findings highlight specific demographic groups that are at higher risk of dual use of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes, particularly younger, highly educated, non-Latino White females. These insights suggest the need for tailored public health interventions that address the unique needs and behaviors of these populations. Future research should explore the underlying motivations and contextual factors contributing to dual use to enhance the effectiveness of tobacco control policies and cessation programs.