The utilization of CRISPR-Cas9 with human pluripotent stem cell for Parkinson's disease modeling

Abstract. Parkinson's disease (PD), also often referred to as "parkinsonism," is a neurodegenerative disorder. Those afflicted with this condition are frequently elderly, which results in a considerable decline in their quality of life and overall well-being. Although there are major breakthroughs in PD research, there remains an incomplete grasp of the disease's pathogenesis and the formulation of innovative treatment approaches. This has led to an urgent need for a technology that can recapitulate all the features of human PD. The emergence of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) coupled with the rising appeal of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) technology, the construction of PD models through the combination of iPSC and CRISPR-Cas9 has emerged as a crucial area of research in the field of PD. Employing patients' somatic cells, transformed into iPSC and integrated with CRISPR-Cas9 for genetic modification, has facilitated the duplication of the genetic makeup of neural cells associated with PD, thereby facilitating the investigation of the influence of diverse genotypes on disease progression and treatment response. This review outlines the application and future development of iPSC and CRISPR-Cas9 technologies for the study of Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. The technology enables scientists to gain a deeper understanding of PD and paves the way for the development of novel therapeutic approaches in the future.