Skeletal muscle cell transformation and its influencing factors

Abstract. The composition of muscle fiber type is closely related to pork quality, and the pork quality with high proportion of slow muscle fiber is relatively good. In the study, various regulatory factors were found to act on key genes that determine the type of skeletal muscle fibers. The results show that there are many transcription factors affecting the transformation of muscle fiber types, including calcineurin-NFAT signaling pathway, MEF2-HDACs signaling, AMPK-PGC1 and nuclear receptor PPAR /PPAR . However, the underlying mechanism of individual regulators is still unclear. The mechanism of action of PGC-1 , MicroRNA and PPAR () and the synergistic effects of MEF2 and PPAR with PGC-1 and PPAR () and ERR were analyzed. Relevant results were obtained such as PGC-1 gene expression can induce the conversion of type IIx muscle fibers to type I muscle fibers, and miR-133a regulates the conversion of slow muscle fibers to fast muscle fibers by targeting TEAD1; MiR-208b regulates the transformation of slow muscle fibers by targeting and inhibiting METTL8. PPAR () drives the formation of functional type I muscle fibers. In this paper, there is still a gap in the deep molecular mechanism, in the follow-up study, we can further clarify the factors of the key genes to determine the type of muscle fibers, as well as the deep influence mechanism between each factor. Future research and exploration can focus on the regulation factor proposed in this paper.