Legal regulation of e-commerce: international and national standards

The article examines the problems of legal regulation of electronic commerce as a key component of the modern digital economy. Since e-commerce is a global phenomenon that is rapidly developing, new challenges arise in the legal field, in particular, the need to harmonize national and international legal standards. It is stated that dynamic changes in the field of e-commerce require adaptation of national legal acts to respond to modern challenges, particularly in the field of international transactions. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that modern technologies create new forms of digital legal relations, which national legal systems do not always have time to adequately regulate. This calls for an in-depth analysis of the mechanisms of legal regulation of electronic commerce at the international and national levels. An important task is the harmonization of national legal norms with international standards, which will ensure the stability of the legal system and the protection of the rights of market participants. The article draws attention to the fact that, despite a significant amount of research in the field of electronic commerce, there is a significant gap in the legal regulation of this field in different countries, which complicates the work of international platforms and the protection of the rights of consumers and entrepreneurs. During the study, a comprehensive analysis of key legislative acts of Ukraine regulating electronic commerce was carried out, including the Law of Ukraine «On Electronic Commerce», the Law of Ukraine «On Electronic Identification and Electronic Trust Services» and others. The article emphasizes the importance of further harmonization of Ukrainian legislation with international standards, which is necessary to ensure legal certainty and stability in the conditions of global digitalization of the economy. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of international legal acts, such as the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce and the Guidelines for Electronic Commerce of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. These documents play a key role in harmonizing international legal norms and creating a single legal space for electronic commerce. Attention is focused on the fact that effective legal regulation of electronic commerce is important for the development of international trade, ensuring the security of electronic transactions and protecting the rights of all market participants. The need to adapt national legal systems to the requirements of international standards is substantiated, which will contribute to the growth of electronic commerce and increase the competitiveness of states in the global economy.