Isogeometric boundary element method analysis for dielectric target shape optimization in electromagnetic scattering

In order to optimize the overall form of electromagnetic scattering in two-dimensional dielectric media, this work offers a frequency-domain boundary element method based on isogeometric analysis. The Isogeometric boundary element method (IGABEM) is used to guarantee geometric correctness during optimization and prevent over-refinement of the mesh. Non-uniform rational B-splines are used to discretize the boundary integrals of the model, enabling rapid numerical computation while ensuring high accuracy. Furthermore, as an alternative model for electromagnetic scattering shape optimization issues, a gray wolf optimizer-based back-propagation neural network (GWO-ANN) is created, with radar cross-section (RCS) as the objective function. Finally, the GWO-ANN is used as a surrogate model for shape optimization in multi-frequency electromagnetic scattering problems with the RCS as the objective function. In computational examples, this algorithm efficiently and accurately solves electromagnetic scattering problems under multiple frequencies.