The complete plastome of a newly described species, <i>Iris cangshanensis</i>

<i>Iris cangshanensis</i> X. F Jiang, Y. Yang, J. F Liu & Y. P Xie, 2024, is a newly described perennial herb with a small population size. This study utilized Illumina sequencing technology to construct the complete chloroplast genome of <i>Iris cangshanensis</i>. The chloroplast genome is 154,008 base pairs (bp) in size with 37.32% overall GC content, consisting of an 83,559 bp (35.35%) large single-copy region (LSC), a 17,937 bp (30.56%) small single-copy region (SSC), and a pair of 26,256 bp (42.78%) inverted repeat (IR) sequences. The chloroplast genome has 130 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. A maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis based on the plastomes of 15 Iridaceae species revealed that <i>Iris cangshanensis</i> is closely related to the other 12 species within the <i>Iris</i> genus. Owing to the limited chloroplast genome sampling of the genus <i>Iris</i> in the present study, determining the position of <i>Iris cangshanensis</i> in this genus is difficult. Overall, the chloroplast genome reported in this study will be useful for further taxonomic and evolutionary studies of <i>Iris</i>. This study constructs the complete chloroplast genome of <i>Iris cangshanensis</i>. The chloroplast genome is 154,008 base pairs (bp) in size with 37.32% overall GC content, consisting of an 83,559 bp (35.35%) large single-copy region (LSC), a 17,937 bp (30.56%) small single-copy region (SSC), and a pair of 26,256 bp (42.78%) inverted repeat (IR) sequences. The chloroplast genome has 130 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. A maximum-likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis based on 15 Iridaceae species revealed that <i>Iris cangshanensis</i> is closely related to the species within the <i>Iris</i> genus.