Biofilm Formation by Protues Mirabilis Isolated From Patients Suffering From Urinary Tract Infections in Baqubah City

Protues mirabilis has the ability to induce urinary tract infections primarily has to do with theformation of biofilms on catheter and UTI surfaces. This bacteria expresses a number ofvirulence factors essential to the creation of biofilms. Fifty urine specimens were taken frompatients who were hospitalized and under treatment from the clinical laboratories of BaqubaTeaching Hospital. Of those fifty specimens, fifteen clinical specimens were positive forisolates of Protues mirabilis. The results showed that all the P. mirabilis isolates under studywere 100% resistant to the Gentamicin, Cefotaxime and the resistance of the isolates toVancomysin and Azithromycin were 90%, Cefixime, Augmentin by 80%, and their resistanceto Piperacillin-tazobactam by 70%. According to these percentages, the isolates were dividedinto two classes Extensively Drug Resistance (XDR) (90%), which were resistant to the sevenantibiotics that were used in the study, and (10%) were Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) whichwere resistant to four antibiotic. Results showed that the P. mirabilis have the ability to producebiofilm, all isolates could produce biofilm but in deferent percentage 70% were strong ,30%were moderate, and the absorbency value was ranged from (0.353 – 0.159). The conventionPCR analysis revealed that the gene (Esp), encoding the enzymes that cause Proteus mirabilisto form biofilm, accounted for 15 (40%) of the total.