Oxygen therapy in the obesity hypoventilation syndrome

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is a condition characterized by prevalence of obesity, sleep-disordered breathing, and a daytime hypoventilation caused by hypercapnia (PaCO2≥45 mmHg) with hypoxia (PaO2<70 mm Hg). During global epidemic of obesity and the struggle with many related complications, the aim of this study is to focus on hypoventilation and respiratory alterations, caused by obesity hypoventilation syndrome. The comprehensive literature review was performed using the electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. The search was limited to at least 2014. Keywords such as: “obesity hypoventilation syndrome”, “obesity”, “respiratory system”, “oxygen therapy” and various combinations of the above were used. Considering many possible causes of alveolar hypoventilation and obesity related complications, the diagnosis of the OHS in the majority of patients is delayed. Patients burdened with sleep-related breathing disorders, including OHS, are most prone to develop life-threatening pulmonary hypertension or cardiovascular issues. The most proper treatment option for patients with OHS is positive airway pressure. Clinically documented mortality and morbidity in the co-occurrence of OHS and severe obesity were elevated. Hence, in addition to the recommended oxygen therapy in the OHS treatment, patients should be educated and supported by health professionals in their weight loss efforts. Keywords: obesity hypoventilation syndrome, obesity, respiratory system, oxygen therapy.