Study spin dynamics in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions

The article has reviewed our studies on the spin dynamics in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions based on the spin-dependent Boltzmann transport model. Starting from the spin-dependent Boltzmann equation, the spin-dependent equations of motion for nucleons have been obtained by the test-particle method, and the spin-dependent nucleon-nucleon scatterings have been incorporated. Due to the nuclear spin-orbit interaction, nucleons with different spins have different dynamics in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions. We have observed both the global spin polarization perpendicular to the reaction plane and the local spin polarization along the beam direction, as well as the considerable difference in the transverse flows and elliptic flows of nucleons at different spin states. Furthermore, the spin-dependent coalescence model has been developed, and the yields and collective flows of light nuclei at different spin states have been discussed. Non-negligible effect of the spin-orbit interaction on spin-averaged observables, such as the spin-averaged transverse flow, has also been observed. The study in this article can be helpful for understanding the dynamics of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions from a new point of view, and may provide important references and predictions for related experiments.