Citrus trifoliata extract -loaded chitosan nanoparticles as a potential treatment for osteoarthritis: An in vitro evaluation

Osteoarthritis (OA) presents a significant global health burden, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies to address its multifaceted challenges. This study explores the potential of <i>Citrus trifoliata</i> extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CTECNPs) as a novel treatment modality for OA. The encapsulation of <i>Citrus trifoliata</i> extract (CTE) within chitosan nanoparticles offers advantages such as enhanced bioavailability, sustained release kinetics, and targeted delivery to affected joints. In vitro evaluations demonstrate the biocompatibility and anti-inflammatory properties of CTECNPs, with significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects observed. Moreover, in vivo studies in an OA-induced mouse model reveal promising therapeutic outcomes, including improvements in histological features and locomotor function. These findings highlight the potential of CTECNPs as a promising therapeutic approach for OA, offering hope for improved patient outcomes and quality of life. Further research is warranted to elucidate additional signaling pathways and potential synergistic effects of CTECNPs in OA management.