Development of Evacuation Route Optimization Model Considering Congestion Degree Using Dijkstra’s Algorithm during Earthquake for Underground Station

In this study, the optimal evacuation route for an underground station was derived using Dijkstra’s algorithm during an earthquake. The applied underground station was a three-basement structure, and the evacuation route was analyzed with four congestion cases. In particular, the effect of movement speed reduction according to congestion was applied and, as a result, the distribution effect of evacuation route was found when the weighting value of congestion degree was 2. A maximum evacuation time of 822 seconds was derived for the existing evacuation route; however, the maximum evacuation time was reduced to 714.5 seconds when applying the alternative route that consider congestion. This means that the optimal, shortest- time evacuation route can be derived by considering congestion degree and effect of movement speed reduction according to congestion degree.