Arterial Multi-Path Green Wave Control Model Concurrently Considering Motor Vehicles and Electric Bicycles

Arterial green wave control can effectively reduce the delay time and number of stops of the coordinated traffic flows. However, existing arterial green wave control methods mostly focus on motor vehicles and provide them with green wave bands, neglecting the electric bicycles that are widespread on the roads. In fact, electric bicycles have become an important tool for short-to-medium trips among urban residents because they are convenient, low-cost, and eco-friendly. To tackle this, an arterial multi-path green wave control model that considers both motor vehicles(cars and buses) and electric bicycles is presented in this paper. The presented model is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem. The optimization objective of the model is to maximize the sum of the green wave bandwidths for all coordinated paths of each traffic mode on all road segments. The key constraints of the presented model can be addressed by analyzing the relationships among the green wave bandwidth, coordinated path, common cycle time, offset, phase sequence, etc., to utilize the time–space diagram. The results of the numerical example show that compared with the traditional model for through motor vehicles (cars and buses), the total green wave bandwidths of cars, buses, and electric bicycles generated by the presented model at the entire arterial level has been increased by 36.8%, 47.9%, and 19.3%, respectively.