In Vitro Efficacy of Poly-Gamma-Glutamic Acid Loaded Nano-Formulation of Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin Against Brucellosis

Background: Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin are fluoroquinolone antibiotics used to treat brucellosis, caused by the Brucella bacteria. Typically, they are combined with other antibiotics for effective treatment, with selection depending on factors like the specific Brucella strain, patient health, and local antibiotic resistance. Objective: The objective was to enhance the antibacterial activity of these fluoroquinolones by utilizing γ-PGA as a biocompatible nanocarrier. Nano-formulations were characterized for size, surface charge, and release profile. The antimicrobial activity was assessed using standard microbiological assays, demonstrating improved potency and extended release. Methods: The double emulsion-synthesized levofloxacin/moxifloxacin-encapsulated nanoparticles were characterized using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Results:  The results indicate that the γ-PGA-based nano-formulations of levofloxacin and moxifloxacin show promising in vitro efficacy, offering potential for more effective treatment strategies for brucellosis. Conclusion: According to the results study demonstrated that LEV/MOX-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) are more effective than free drugs in combating Brucella melitensis phagocytosed by macrophages. Keywords: Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Nanoparticles, Targeted drug delivery system, Brucella treatment