Advanced Distribution System Optimization: Utilizing Flexible Power Buses and Network Reconfiguration

The increasing integration of distributed generation (DG) and the rise of microgrids have reshaped the operation of distribution systems, introducing both challenges and opportunities for optimization. This study presents a methodology that combines network reconfiguration with the integration of buses with flexible power in order to improve the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of distribution networks. Flexible buses, which aggregate multiple microgrids or controllable distributed resources, function as control points that can dynamically adjust active and reactive power within predefined limits. This capability allows for more precise management of power flows, enabling the system to respond to fluctuations in generation and demand. The proposed optimization framework aims to minimize the total operational costs, including power losses and the use of flexible power, while adhering to system constraints. The methodology is evaluated through case studies on two distribution systems: the Kumamoto and IEEE-33 systems. The results indicate a 43.9% reduction in power losses for the Kumamoto system and a 66.6% reduction for the IEEE-33 system, along with notable cost savings in both cases. These outcomes demonstrate the potential benefits of incorporating flexible power buses in modern radial distribution networks, showing their role in adapting to various operational scenarios and supporting the integration of distributed generation and microgrids.