Laser propagation influence research considering the atmospheric characteristics of South Korea

This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of laser beam propagation from ground to space through atmospheric turbulence at the Gochang SLR Observatory in South Korea. To address issues such as energy loss and pointing errors caused by atmospheric turbulence in various applications like laser optical communication, satellite laser ranging (SLR), adaptive optics systems, and laser energy transmission, we systematically analyzed how laser beam parameters are affected by atmospheric conditions. The study utilizes a 100-watt-class laser to simulate beam propagation up to 100 km altitude, focusing on parameters such as laser wavelength, beam size (diameter), beam jitter, and beam quality (M²) and their impact on long-exposure and short-exposure beam radius. Key findings reveal that beam jitter is the most influential parameter for the long-exposure radius, while beam quality (M²) significantly affects the short-exposure radius. These findings provide critical guidance for optimizing laser system performance under varying atmospheric conditions, potentially contributing to advancements in laser communication and weapon systems.