Association between sleep quality and polymorphisms of the genes COMT, HTR2A and FKBP5 in individuals with and without dentofacial deformity

Sleep is a fundamental biological function, and any disturbances can lead to alterations in an individual’s physical, occupational, cognitive, and social functioning. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of sleep and its association with factors such as age, sex, facial profile, and genetic polymorphisms in individuals who underwent dental treatment. Methods: The study comprised a total of 227 individuals. The “Sleep Assessment Questionnaire” was utilized to evaluate sleep quality. For the genetic assessment, oral mucosa cells were collected and markers from the COMT (rs174675, rs165656), HTR2A (rs4941573, rs6313), and FKBP5 (rs1360780, rs3800373) genes were selected for real-time PCR analysis. The data were subjected to statistical analysis with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that women had a poorer perception of sleep quality (p<0.05). There was a significant association between sleep quality and facial profile (p<0.05). Individuals with facial profiles I and II had a poorer perception of sleep quality in general and in the domains of non-restorative sleep, sleep time disturbance, and restlessness. Individuals with facial profile II had a poorer perception of sleep apnea than those with profile III (p=0.034). There was a significant association between the COMT rs174675 polymorphism and restlessness (p=0.035). Conclusion: The poorest perception of sleep quality was associated with women and individuals with facial profiles I and II. The poorest perception of restlessness was associated with COMT rs174675 polymorphism.