A Brief Analysis on Emerging Economies Roles, Contributions, Challenges in Environmental Governance: Based on the Case of China and India

Abstract: With the rapid advancement of industrialization and urbanization, environmental issues have become a major challenge restricting global sustainable development. The main research objective of this article is to explore how China and India play a role in environmental governance as two emerging economies, in terms of economy, policy and regulations, technological innovation, international cooperation, and social humanity. Adopting case study as methodology, this article provides a detailed description of the development status of the above-mentioned aspects in both countries, including measures, achievements, and limitations. Finally, a discussion is proposed to briefly analyse the causes of the current environmental governance context in both countries. Research has found that both countries have made significant efforts to balance environmental issues caused by rapid economic development and promote sustainable development. However, in terms of achievements, China has been more notable. In addition to reflecting on the current situation of environmental governance in China and India, this article can also provide reference ideas for environmental governance issues worldwide.