The New Perspectives Journal of Medicine

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy worldwide, with high incidence and mortality rates.In recent years, treatment strategies for HCC have significantly advanced, particularly with the promotion of multidisciplinary treatment.Surgical resection, liver transplantation, interventional therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy have increasingly been standardized.The latest Japanese HCC treatment guidelines introduce a treatment algorithm based on liver function, tumor stage, and overall patient condition, providing crucial guidance for personalized treatment.This paper reviews the latest standardized treatment approaches for HCC, with a focus on the treatment algorithms in the guidelines.It also discusses the indications and recent advances in surgical, locoregional, and systemic therapies to offer a comprehensive treatment strategy for clinicians.