A STUDY ON OPHTHALMIC MANIFESTATIONS IN PITUITARY GLAND TUMOURS

Background: A pituitary adenoma is a benign tumour of the adenohypophyseal cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. It accounts for 12% to 15% of all intracranial tumours. A spectrum of ocular manifestations are seen with these tumours ranging from the absence of any visual symptoms to severe visual field defects and loss of vision. The study aims to study the various ocular features and their effect on vision, visual fields and ocular motility in cases of pituitary adenoma diagnosed on CT or MRI. This is a prospective stud Materials And Methods: y for a period of 1 year and 8 months conducted in the Ophthalmology department, Amaltas Institute Of Medical Science. 25 patients aged between 25 to 65 years diagnosed with pituitary adenomas on radiological imaging, were evaluated after detailed history with visual acuity, pupillary reaction, colour vision, extraocular movements, slit lamp and fundus examination. Visual field examination was done with an Octopus field analyser. Results: Out of the 25 patients diagnosed with pituitary adenoma on radio imaging ,it was found that most patients were above 50 years. 15 patients were above 50 yrs i.e.60%. Females were predominantly affected (76%). Visual acuity of 62%of patients was between 6/12 and 6/6 . Headache was the most common mode of presentation amounting to 80% of the total study sample. 76% showed field defects of which bitemporal hemianopia was the commonest in 52.9%. Pituitary macroadenoma was the most common type as it was seen in 96% patients. Optic atrophy was seen only in 4 cases. Others had normal fundus. : Neuro-ophthalmics is of utmost importance as it only helps in early det Conclusion ection, planning of treatment and further follow up, but also prevents visual loss if intervened timely.