Study Of Calcium Magnesium And Phosphorus In Hypothyroidism - A Case Control Study

Background: Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine abnormality in the world secondary to diabetes mellitus. Thyroid hormones are essential for growth, neuronal development, reproduction and regulation of energy metabolism. It influences the metabolism of all substrates including minerals. Many studies have shown that mineral metabolism is frequently disturbed in thyroid disorders. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on sixty newly confirmed hypothyroid cases based on the thyroid profile and sixty euthyroid cases were recruited as controls. Blood samples were collected from all the patients for the estimation of serum T3, T4, FT3, FT4, TSH, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium by auto analyzer method. Modified spectrophotometric micro-method was used to measure Serum copper using Bathocuprine Disulphonate Disodium Salt (BCDS) and Guanidine hydrochloride salt. The Statistical software namely SPSS 18.0, and R environment ver.3.2.2 were used for the analysis of the data. Results: It was found that the levels of serum sodium, potassium and calcium were significantly decreased in cases than the controls. Serum magnesium and phosphorus were significantly elevated in cases than controls. Conclusion: Serum calcium, magnesium and phosphorous levels are significantly altered in patients having hypothyroidism. Thyroid diseases have wide spread systemic manifestations including their effects on bone and mineral metabolism. Also thyroid hormone affects the glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow, tubular reabsorption and excretion of minerals which have direct effect on Calcium, Magnesium and phosphorous level. Thus monitoring of these minerals in hypothyroid patient will be of great benefit in improving clinical manifestation and can be treated appropriately