RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT WITH RUPTURE IN THE LOWER HEMISPHERE DEPENDING ON THE SURGICAL METHOD

Purpose: To evalute the efficacy of short-term tamponade of the vitreal cavity by perfluorinated compound and to analyze the morphological changes after surgical treatment of the patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with rupture in the lower retinal hemisphere. Material and methods: The analysis of surgical treatment of 31 patients with the diagnosis of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in combination with proliferative vitreoretinopathy с type 1–2 with inclusion of the macular zone, with the localization of the rupture in the lower retinal hemisphere. All patients were divided into two groups depending on the tamponade vitreous cavity. I group (n = 15): first stage – vitreoretinal surgery with a tamponade of the vitreous cavity of perfluoroorganic compounds for 14 days, second stage – removal of perfluoroorganic compounds from the vitreous cavity + facoemulsification with implantation of the intraocular lens + tamponade of the natural gas mixture (С2F6). Monitoring for at least 6 months after perfluorinated compound or silicone oil removal. Results: The preliminary results of the study showed a high effectiveness of short-term perfluorinated compound tamponade compared to the silicone oil tamponade in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with rupture in the lower hemisphere. In all 1st group patients complete retinal reattachment was achieved in all observation periods. In 2nd group, partial retinal reattachment in the lower departments in the long-term postoperative period was detected in 37.5% of cases. There was no cystic macular edema in Group 1 patients, while it occurred in Group 2 patients in 18.7%. Epiretinal fibrosis was detected in Group 1 patients in 14.3% of cases and in Group 2 patients in 31.2% of cases during the whole observation period. Conclusion: The results of the conducted study confirm the effectiveness of the use of short-term tamponade of the vitreous cavity of perfluorinated compound in the treatment of patients with retinal detachment at the localization of a tear in the lower retinal hemisphere. This method improves the anatomical results of vitreoretinal surgery in this category of patients and helps to reduce the number of postoperative complications.