Effect of Covid-19 pandemic on Food security and Maternal Nutrition Status of Selected peri-urban and urban communities in Mbale, Uganda

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global food security and maternal nutrition, with vulnerable populations in low- and middle-income countries being particularly affected. This study investigates the effects of the pandemic on food availability, dietary diversity, and maternal nutritional status in peri-urban and urban communities of Mbale, Uganda. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, combining quantitative data, analyzed using SPSS, and qualitative data through thematic analysis from 177 households and health workers. Results indicate a significant deterioration in food security during the pandemic, characterized by a 20% reduction in meal frequency, a 14% increase in food sharing, and a 22.3% rise in households with inadequate dietary diversity. Despite these challenges, 90% of pregnant women maintained normal BMI, though some instances of malnutrition were observed. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to safeguard food security and maternal health during future crises globally. These insights are crucial for policymakers in designing pandemic-responsive food and health systems.