LEMON OIL NANO EMULSION NEW FORMULATION FOR TOPICAL APPLICATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION FOR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

This study investigates the formulation, physical properties and antibacterial efficacy of a water-in-oil (W/O) nanoemulsion using lemon oil.The nanoemulsion was prepared using Tween-80 as a surfactant, polyethylene glycol as a co-surfactant and water as an aqueous phase.The detailed physical characterization of the nanoemulsion included measurements of droplet size, dispersion properties, viscosity, refractive index, acid concentration and electrical conductivity, which provide a basis for future research improvements.The results showed that the average droplet size of the A2 formulation ranged from 2.992 to 155.6 nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.280 and a zeta potential of -14.1 5.52 mV.Other properties measured were refractive index (1.330 0.014), viscosity (4.487 0.131 cP), pH (5.62 0.0143) and conductivity (364.34 6.23 s/cm).The antibacterial activity of the nanoemulsion was tested against various bacterial strains, with the following order of effectiveness: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 512477 > Salmonella choleraesuis ATCC 10708 > Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 > Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 > Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 > Proteus mirabilis ATCC 299.These results underline the potential of the nanoemulsion as an antibacterial agent. RezumatAcest studiu se concentreaz pe formularea i determinarea proprietilor fizice i a eficacitii antibacteriane a unei nanoemulsii ap n ulei (W/O) folosind ulei de lmie.Nanoemulsia a fost preparat folosind Tween-80 ca surfactant, polietilen glicol ca i co-surfactant i ap.Caracterizarea fizic detaliat a nanoemulsiei a inclus msurtori ale dimensiunii picturilor, proprietilor de dispersie, vscozitate, indice de refracie, concentraie de acid i conductivitate electric, care ofer o baz pentru mbuntirile viitoare ale cercetrii.Rezultatele au artat c dimensiunea medie a picturilor a formulrii A2 a variat de la 2,992 la 155,6 nm, cu un indice de polidispersitate de 0,280 i un potenial zeta de -14,1 5,52 mV.Alte proprieti msurate au fost indicele de refracie (1,330 0,014), vscozitatea (4,487 0,131 cP), pH-ul (5,62 0,0143) i conductivitatea (364,34 6,23 s/cm).Activitatea antibacterian a nanoemulsiei a fost testat mpotriva diferitelor tulpini bacteriene, cu urmtoarea ordine de eficacitate: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 512477 > Salmonella choleraesuis ATCC 10708 > Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 > Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 > Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 > Proteus mirabilis ATCC 299.Aceste rezultate subliniaz potenialul nanoemulsiei ca agent antibacterian.