Vaccinium Sect. Cyanococcus Mediated Carbon-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite And Its Antimicrobial Activity Against Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens

Aim: In this study, we have prepared blueberry extract-mediated hydroxyapatite and carbon nanocomposites from Portunus sanguinolentus (Crab) shells and Vaccinium sect.Cyanococcus.This study is to report its antimicrobial activity against urinary tract infection pathogens. Materials and methods:The nanocomposites were preliminarily characterized using various techniques; including UV-Visible spectroscopy.The antimicrobial activity of the Vaccinium sect.Cyanococcus extract-mediated carbon and HAP nanocomposite against E. coli, Klebsiella, and E. faecalis was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method.Additionally, the antioxidant activity was assessed through assays such as the hydrogen peroxide assay, DPPH assay, Ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, Nitric oxide radical inhibition assay, and ABTS assay.The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the bovine serum albumin and egg albumin denaturation assay, membrane stabilization assay.The antimicrobial activity was measured by the agar well diffusion method, and cytotoxicity was tested using the brine shrimp assay.Results: This study found that the UV-visible spectra of the freshly prepared Vaccinium sect.Cyanococcus-mediated carbon and hydroxyapatite nanocomposite peaked at 440 nm.The antimicrobial activity revealed that the highest concentrations of E. coli, Klebsiella, and E. faecalis had a similar inhibition zone diameter of 9 mm.The prepared nanocomposite also showed excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.The cytotoxicity tests showed 100% survival of nauplii at concentrations of 5 and 10 g/ml.Conclusion: As a result, the Vaccinium sect.Cyanococcus-mediated hydroxyapatite and carbon nanocomposite promise to be a great biomedical material with antibacterial activity against urinary tract infections.