Adjacent Buildings Subjected to Seismic Pounding: A systematic Comprehensive Review

Buildings next to one another that are too close together or have differing dynamic properties may vibrate out of phase during earthquakes. This leads to slamming of these buildings against one another. Provision to avoid this pounding effect is given in various codes. When the structures are exposed to external excitation, the dynamic properties of the nearby structures cause the structures to oscillate out of phase. Impacts will happen if the space between the structures is not large enough to support the lateral displacements brought on by this out-of-phase oscillation. The excitation characteristics, the current separation gap size, and the degree of variation between the dynamic properties of the impacting structures all influence the impact forces and impact locations along the heights of the structures. This work provides a detailed investigation of the impact of pounding in both structures that have undergone site-specific analysis and those that have not. If the interaction between the soil and structure is not taken into account during the designing process, the effects of seismic pounding are exacerbated. In addition, this paper analyses a number of research that examine the connection between soil structure and seismic pounding.