Numerical Prediction of Solid Particle Erosion in Jet Pumps Based on a Calibrated Model

Jet pumps are widely used in petrochemical processes, nuclear cooling, and wastewater treatment due to their simple structure, high reliability, and stable performance under extreme conditions. However, when transporting solid-laden two-phase flows, they face severe erosion problems, leading to reduced efficiency, malfunctions, or even failure. Therefore, optimizing jet pump performance and extending its service life is crucial. In this study, an experimental platform was established to conduct experiments on wall erosion in jet pumps. The CFD-DEM method was used to simulate the solid–liquid two-phase flow in the jet pump, comparing six erosion models for predicting erosion rates. The Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm was applied to calibrate model coefficients. The results indicate that the Neilson erosion model shows the best consistency with the experimental results. The inlet flow rate significantly influenced the erosion rates, while the flow rate ratio had a smaller effect. The particle concentration exhibited a nonlinear relationship with erosion, with diminishing impact beyond a certain threshold. As the factors varied, the erosion distribution tended to be uniform, but high erosion areas remained locally concentrated, indicating intensified localized erosion.