Shaping ASD Pathways: Early PT vs. Late Support for Neurodiversity

Introduction and BackgroundAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of a several neurodevelopmental disorders.characterized by impaired social and communicative functioning, as well as repetitive and stereotypical patterns of behaviour and interests.Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication, and restricted or repetitive behaviours and interests [1].ASD affects throughout an individual's lifespan and has a very unique clinical picture due to its associated symptoms, which include hyposensitive or hypersensitive, hyperactivity, concentration and behaviour issues, and emotional, sleep, and mood abnormalities [2].In the context of ASD, neurodiversity acknowledges that individuals on the autism spectrum have unique strengths, abilities, and ways of perceiving and interacting with the world, which are valuable and should be nurtured and supported.The DSM-5 criteria for ASD include persistent deficits in social communication and interaction, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, or activities.Worldwide, the estimated prevalence of individuals diagnosed with ASD is 1 per 100 people, according to Newschaffer and Croen [3].Numerous research have reported on the rising number of ASD diagnoses [4,5].To support children's optimal development and enhance their ability to engage in daily activities and social interactions, early identification and appropriate interventions are necessary as indicated by the increasing prevalence of ASD.PT interventions for ASD focus on improving motor skills, balance, and coordination, which can indirectly support social interaction and communication skills. Review Benefits of Early Intervention in ASDThe goal of physical therapy is to enhance physical function, movement, and coordination.Physical therapy seeks to address the unique motor, sensory, and social difficulties faced by people on