Molecular Exploration of Mycoplasma fermentans and Mycoplasma genitalium in Mexican Women with Cervicitis

Genital Mycoplasmas are implicated in adverse pregnancy outcomes and the development of infertility. However, the role of <i>Mycoplasma fermentans</i> in these outcomes has not been adequately studied; therefore, its participation in these sufferings requires further investigation. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of <i>M. fermentans</i> in pregnant and non-pregnant women. End-point PCR was used to analyze two hundred and twenty-eight endocervical samples for <i>M. hominis</i>, <i>M. genitalium</i>, <i>M. fermentans</i>, <i>M. pirum</i>, <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum</i>, and <i>U. parvum</i> diagnoses. The prevalence of <i>Mycoplasma</i> spp. was as follows: <i>U. parvum</i> was found in 83 samples (36.4%), <i>U. urealyticum</i> in 39 instances (17.1%), <i>M. hominis</i> in 36 (15.7%), <i>M. fermentans</i> in 32 (14%), <i>M. genitalium</i> in 15 (6.6%), and <i>M. pirum</i> in 0 samples. No association was found between the <i>Mycoplasma</i> spp. and some infertility conditions or adverse pregnancy. However, <i>M. fermentans</i> and <i>M. hominis</i> were found to be associated with bacterial vaginosis (RR = 3.4 CI 95% 1.85-6.3, <i>p</i> < 0.005). In conclusion, <i>M. fermentans</i> and <i>M. hominis</i> were isolated more often in women with bacterial vaginosis, which suggests that these bacteria could contribute to the development of this pathology.