Detection of Hypoderma spp. antibodies in bovine milk in some regions of Nineveh governorate, Iraq

The study aimed to determine hypodermosis using clinical examination and indirect ELISA. Between October 2022 and March 2023, the study was conducted in several Nineveh governorate regions. One hundred ninety cows were clinically examined, collected milk samples, and used the commercial indirect ELISA kit. Seven (3.68%) of the 190 cows examined in the field had hypodermosis conversely, Hypoderma spp. Antibodies were detected in twenty-nine (15.26%) of the 190 cow's milk samples. The highest percentage 36.36% was reported in Bazwaia, whereas the lowest 6.66% was reported in Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ashuwa'yrat, and Qayyarah. The percentage was 20.32% for cows five years or less and 5.97% for those over five. The results also showed that the native breed had a higher percentage 16.07% than the imported breed 9.09%. Cows fed outside have a higher rate of antibodies 28.72% than cows fed indoors 2.08%. Furthermore, October 2022 had more infested cows 23.33% than December 2022 9.37%. The study concluded hypodermosis risks cows and the leather industry, affecting the country's economy. Moreover, detecting hypodermosis effectively be achieved by testing milk for antibodies.