State of Art: Seismic Failure Impact on Concrete Bridges

Seismic failures in concrete bridges can lead to severe structural damage, resulting in partial or complete collapse, significant economic losses, and potential disruptions to transportation networks. Such failures may arise from inadequate design, aging materials, or insufficient seismic detailing, making bridges vulnerable during earthquakes. The impact includes immediate structural damage and long-term consequences for public safety and infrastructure resilience, highlighting the need for effective seismic-resistant designs and retrofitting strategies to minimize risks.