Descripción de las  características del microbioma salival en pacientes con trastorno del espectro autista

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous and multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder that appears early and develops throughout the life of the patient. The main characteristics of ASD include a lack of communication and social interaction, limited interests, and repetitive sensory and motor behaviors, often resulting in lifelong dependency. Comorbidities such as periodontitis, allergies, gastrointestinal disorders, dysbiosis, and altered oral and intestinal microbiota are common in these individuals. Objective: To identify the characteristics of the salivary microbiome in subjects with ASD aged 6 to 18 years and neurotypical subjects through a narrative literature review. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar published between 2009 and 2024. Results:four articles were selected for analysis and data extraction. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the composition and characteristics of the salivary microbiome and the etiopathogenesis and manifestation of inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and neurodevelopmental disorders, including Autism Spectrum Disorder in the pediatric population.