Abstract 4146872: Analysis of 30-Day Readmission Rates and Costs Post-Heart Transplant: A 12-Year Retrospective Study Using Nationwide Readmission Database(NRD) : 2010-2021

Introduction: Increased prevalence and incidence of heart failure has resulted in a significant rise in the number of patients progressing to advanced heart failure (AHF). Heart transplant improves morbidity and mortality in patients with heart failure refractory to medical therapy. We examined resource utilization as measured in 30-day readmission in a contemporary population utilizing the NRD database. Aim: We conducted a thorough analysis to identify trends in 30-day readmissions of HTs and analyze the associated costs. Methods: Using the National Readmission Database from 2010 to 2021, the study focused on new HT recipients. We evaluated various parameters, including readmission rates and the costs associated with 30-day readmissions. Patients aged <18 and those receiving HT and LVAD during the initial hospitalization were excluded from the study. Results: We identified 36,379 weighted index hospital admissions from January to December 2010 - 2021. The 30-day readmission rate fluctuated between 21% and 26% during this period, p—0.143 (Figure 1). There has been an upward trajectory in 30-day median readmission costs over the past decade, escalating from $13,027 in 2010 to $15,722 in 2021, with the highest readmission costs being $18,190 in 2020 (Figure 2). Conclusion: Over the last decade, 30-day readmissions among heart transplant recipients remain high in the US. Furthermore, associated costs continue to rise, and an unmet need remains to reduce the burden on healthcare resources. Despite some periods of improvement, the costs associated with readmission have increased by 20.69% since 2010. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to enhance post-transplant care, reduce readmission rates and manage costs more effectively.