Controlled molecule injector for cold, dense, and pure molecular beams at the European x-ray free-electron laser

A permanently available molecular-beam injection setup for controlled molecules (COMO) was installed and commissioned at the small quantum systems (SQS) instrument at the European x-ray free-electron laser (EuXFEL). A b-type electrostatic deflector allows for pure state-, size-, and isomer-selected samples of polar molecules and clusters. The source provides a rotationally cold (T ≈ 1 K) and dense (ρ ≈ 108 cm-3) molecular beam with pulse durations up to 100 µs generated by a new version of the Even-Lavie valve. Here, a performance overview of the COMO setup is presented along with characterization experiments performed both with an optical laser at the Center for Free-Electron-Laser Science and with x rays at EuXFEL under burst-mode operation. COMO was designed to be attached to different instruments at the EuXFEL, in particular, the SQS and single particles, clusters, and biomolecules (SPB) instruments. This advanced controlled-molecules injection setup enables x-ray free-electron laser studies using highly defined samples with soft and hard x-ray FEL radiation for applications ranging from atomic, molecular, and cluster physics to elementary processes in chemistry and biology.

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Publication Details

Journal
Review of Scientific Instruments
Published
2024-11-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219086
Primary Topic
Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
Type
article
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article

Controlled molecule injector for cold, dense, and pure molecular beams at the European x-ray free-electron laser

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Review of Scientific Instruments
Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
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Controlled molecule injector for cold, dense, and pure molecular beams at the European x-ray free-electron laser

Sebastian Trippel, Jochen Küpper, Patrik Grychtol, M. Simon, Michele Di Fraia, Marcello Coreno, P. Johnsson, Jovana Petrović, Nils Rennhack, Lucas Schwob, Yevheniy Ovcharenko, Sergey Usenko, Karol Długołęcki, Lanhai He, Benjamin Erk, Artem Rudenko, H. Bromberger, E. Ruehl, A. De Fanis, Mathieu Gisselbrecht, Joss Wiese, Thomas Kierspel, Florian Trinter, Melby Johny, Daniel E. Rivas, Rebecca Boll, Jolijn Onvlee, Sadia Bari, Michael Meyer, Tommaso Mazza
article en

Abstract

A permanently available molecular-beam injection setup for controlled molecules (COMO) was installed and commissioned at the small quantum systems (SQS) instrument at the European x-ray free-electron laser (EuXFEL). A b-type electrostatic deflector allows for pure state-, size-, and isomer-selected samples of polar molecules and clusters. The source provides a rotationally cold (T ≈ 1 K) and dense (ρ ≈ 108 cm-3) molecular beam with pulse durations up to 100 µs generated by a new version of the Even-Lavie valve. Here, a performance overview of the COMO setup is presented along with characterization experiments performed both with an optical laser at the Center for Free-Electron-Laser Science and with x rays at EuXFEL under burst-mode operation. COMO was designed to be attached to different instruments at the EuXFEL, in particular, the SQS and single particles, clusters, and biomolecules (SPB) instruments. This advanced controlled-molecules injection setup enables x-ray free-electron laser studies using highly defined samples with soft and hard x-ray FEL radiation for applications ranging from atomic, molecular, and cluster physics to elementary processes in chemistry and biology.

Review of Scientific InstrumentsVol. 95(11)
Goethe University Frankfurt (DE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Universität Hamburg (DE), Lund University (SE), Kansas State University (US), Jilin University (CN), Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society (DE), AREA Science Park (IT), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY (DE), Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. (IT), Sorbonne Université (FR), Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement (FR), Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (DE), Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (DE), Freie Universität Berlin (DE), European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (DE)
U.S. Department of Energy, European Resuscitation Council, European Commission, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Vetenskapsrådet, Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division
Openalex Percentile: Top 71%
Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
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