Performance Analysis of AODV and DSDV Routing Protocols for UDP Communication in VANET

In high-mobility Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs), maintaining a low Packet Loss Ratio and a high Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) under UDP communication is crucial. This study compares the performance of Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV) routing protocols in vehicular communications and networking using Network Simulator 3 (NS3) simulations. The research employs a simulation-based approach, leveraging NS3 and SUMO to analyze these protocols across different VANET scenarios, including free flow, steady flow, and traffic jams over varying time intervals (300 to 700 seconds). Our findings demonstrate that AODV outperforms DSDV. AODV maintained an average Packet Loss Ratio of 98% and achieved higher throughput, while DSDV experienced higher packet loss and lower throughput. Additionally, AODV exhibited lower end-to-end delay and a higher Packet Delivery Ratio compared to DSDV. These results indicate that AODV is better suited for UDP communication in VANETs, offering lower packet loss, higher throughput, and reduced delays. The study further emphasizes that AODV is preferable for UDP communication in VANETs due to its superior performance metrics. There is potential for further research in vehicular communications, such as integrating advanced hybrid routing protocols and exploring the effects of different traffic densities, vehicle types, and real-world environmental conditions. By investigating these factors, future studies can enhance the reliability and efficiency of VANET communications, contributing to the advancement of intelligent transportation systems.