Abstract 4141276: Valvular oxidized phospholipids correlate with severity of human aortic valvular stenosis

Introduction: Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is a degenerative disease characterized by progressive calcification and stenosis, driven by a multifactorial inflammatory process. Oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) have been implicated in this process, yet their presence in aortic valve tissue remains unexplored. This study aims to fill this gap by developing a sensitive method to identify and quantify OxPL in the plasma and tissue of patients with severe AVS. Methods: We obtained aortic valve tissue from 70 patients undergoing aortic valve replacement surgery. The tissue samples were subjected to derivatization with DNPH, followed by LC/MS/MS analysis, enabling the identification and quantification of 60 individual OxPL across five different phospholipid classes. Results: Our analysis identified 34 OxPL species across five phospholipid classes in human valvular tissue, including oxidized phosphatidylcholine (OxPC), phosphatidylethanolamine (OxPE), phosphatidylinositol (OxPI), and phosphatidylserine (OxPS). OxPC was the most abundant class, with PONPC being the most prevalent molecule, constituting 35% of total OxPL. We observed a significant increase (p<0.05) in 20 OxPL species in valvular tissue when comparing mild to moderate to severe valve stenosis based on pressure gradient. The most significant change occurred between mild and moderate AVS as PONPC increased by 90% (p=0.012) and total OxPC increased by 83% (p=0.004). Compared to plasma, valvular tissue had more OxPS species present and an increase in longer chain fatty acid aldehydes in the SN-2 position of OxPCs. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that OxPL infiltration of the valve tissue is an early event in the progression of AVS. This suggests that early intervention with OxPL-lowering therapies may prove beneficial in managing AVS.