Optimizing delignification and mercerization treatments for cellulose extraction from Semantan bamboo (Gigantochloascortechinii) Fiber using response surface modelling (RSM)

The exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, abundance and biodegradability of Semantan bamboo (Gigantochloascortechinii) have made it a popular choice as both a template material for composite manufacturing and an ideal candidate for utilization as an adsorbent material. The objective of this study was to obtain cellulose of excellent quality from bamboo fiber, considering its purity and optical qualities, which are important for various industrial. The bleaching phase, which is crucial for determining the quality of cellulose, was optimised using the response surface methodology. The parameters of NaClO2 concentration (12 – 20% w/w), temperature (60 – 80°C), and duration (3-5 hours) were adjusted to achieve optimal results. The results showed that using high concentrated NaClO2 or prolonging the bleaching period resulted in cellulose oxidation and decreased efficiency. The ideal conditions for bleaching bamboo fiber were determined to be a concentration of 16% (w/w) NaClO2 at a temperature of 70°C for 4 hours. Under these conditions, the amount of cellulose produced was as high as 45.9%. The crystallinity degree yielding results of 57.87% and 64.29% for untreated and treated bamboo fiber, respectively. The effectiveness of the delignification and mercerizastion processes in producing valuable industrial products from bamboo fiber was proven by structural analysis using morphological analysis.