Developing a safety and health practices in building model of physical environment, facility management, and worker perception: Structural equation modeling approach

Facility management is essential in modern office settings, as it helps to ensure the safety and health of employees. Issues related to facility management weaknesses, such as facility damage, structural issues, ventilation problems, and more, are subjects of ongoing concern. Therefore, safety and health practices are important aspects of facility management to ensure that the office is always safe and healthy for employees. <i>Objectives</i>: This research aims to address these concerns by developing a comprehensive model for safety and health practices in building, focusing on the physical environment, facility management, and worker perception. <i>Methods</i>: Data was gathered through random survey questionnaires distributed to government offices within the federal territory of Putrajaya, Malaysia. The survey covered 156 measurement items across 18 parameters, encompassing three dimensions: facility management, the physical environment, and office workers' perceptions. A total of 562 valid responses were collected. The data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), which integrates path analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), through the IBM SPSS-AMOS software. <i>Results</i>: The results of this research indicate that the analysis of the model's goodness of fit proves that all variables within the model, whether independent or dependent are fitted and can be adapted. Consequently, the safety and health practices in building model was successfully developed. <i>Conclusion</i>: This model offers a valuable tool for facility management organizations, enabling them to systematically assess and maintain safe and healthy workplace conditions. It signifies a significant step forward in ensuring employee well-being in office buildings.