Thyroid scan image dataset for the study of thyroid pathologies in adult patients

This article presents a dataset containing 641 images of Thyroid Gammagraphies studies corresponding to 235 patients over 18 years of age that were acquired in the period from 2016 to 2024 at the Nuclear Medicine Service of the <i>Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud</i> of the <i>Universidad Nacional de Asunción</i> (IICS - UNA), Paraguay. First, the Thyroid Gammagraphies images were acquired according to the acquisition protocol described in this article. The thyroid scintigraphies images were acquired using trimodal SPECT-CT-PET equipment, model AnyScan SCP, MEDISO brand. The images were classified by the professionals of the Nuclear Medicine Service according to the diagnoses made by the nuclear physicians. They were grouped into toxic adenoma, diffuse goiter, multinodular goiter, nodular goiter, absent thyroid gland (total thyroidectomy), preserved thyroid gland, deformed thyroid gland, right hemithyroidectomy, autonomous nodule, hyperuptake nodule, hypouptake nodule, remnant after total thyroidectomy, iatrogenically blocked thyroid, De Quervain's subacute thyroiditis, and combined cases of diffuse or multinodular goiter with subacute thyroiditis. The generated dataset will be helpful for nuclear physicians and researchers working on classification algorithms for thyroid pathologies.