Innovative TiO2 Photocatalysts: Advances and Strategies for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Efficiency

As a photocatalyst, titanium dioxide (TiO2) has attracted a lot of interest because of its remarkable qualities, including stability, affordability, and environmental friendliness. The latest developments in TiO2-based photocatalysts are examined in this thorough overview, along with cutting-edge methods for increasing their effectiveness in a range of photocatalytic applications. The article discusses developments in TiO2 modifications, such as surface functionalization, heterostructure, and doping, to increase charge separation, broaden the range of light absorption, and boost catalytic performance in general. Additionally, new methods for creating TiO2 and how they affect photocatalytic activity are covered. The paper highlights the diverse possibilities of TiO2-based photocatalysts in tackling modern issues by outlining applications ranging from solar fuel production to environmental remediation.