STUDY OF BONE MINERAL DISORDERS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY PATIENTS

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) often leads to mineral and bone disorders, manifesting as disturbances in calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. This study aimed to evaluate these biochemical markers in CKD patients across different stages and their interrelationships. A total of 108 CKD patients (72% male, 28% female) were analyzed, with the majority in stage 5 (63%). Biochemical analysis revealed a significant decrease in serum calcium levels and an increase in serum phosphorus and ALP levels as CKD progressed. Specifically, serum calcium decreased from 8.91 ± 1.88 mg/dL in stages 1-3 to 7.68 ± 1.22 mg/dL in stage 5, while serum phosphorus increased from 4.97 ± 1.71 mg/dL in stages 1-3 to 6.81 ± 2.95 mg/dL in stage 5. PTH levels rose significantly with advancing CKD stages. Notably, a significant negative correlation was found between serum calcium and PTH levels, while ALP showed a positive correlation with PTH. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring mineral and bone metabolism in CKD patients to manage and potentially mitigate associated complications.