Applying the Computer Science Capital Framework to Understand Factors Facilitating Children's Decision to Participate in Code Clubs

Despite the increasing participation of children in code clubs, there remains a significant gap in our understanding of the factors that drive children’s motivation to join these clubs. Identifying factors is critical, as gaining insights into early involvement in computing is crucial for comprehending early computing participation processes and elucidating the factors hindering or fostering children’s interest in computing. Therefore, this study explores the influence of social, cultural, and behavioral factors on children’s decision to participate in code clubs, utilizing the Computer Science Capital (CSC) conceptual framework for data collection and analysis, providing an opportunity to examine and refine the CSC model empirically. Through a deductive qualitative analysis of 17 semi-structured interviews with children, some of which included a parent present during the interview, it was found that a prominent factor driving most children to participate in code clubs was their social capital, with family and friends playing a significant role. Another influential factor was the children’s keen interest in computer games; specifically, creativity, financial gains, and problem-solving were mentioned. While access to a supportive social network and an interest in computer games can encourage children to join code clubs, these same factors can create inequalities for children lacking such support or interest. The findings further reveal that the children’s decision to join a code club is complex and multifaceted, encompassing an interplay of capitals. Although the results from the study generally support the CSC model, the analysis of findings has helped refine our understanding of the functions of the capitals and their interplay. The paper concludes by discussing valuable implications for educators in non-formal and formal settings.