Bridging the Divide: An Empirical Investigation of Artificial Intelligence and Generative Artificial Intelligence Integration Across Genders, Disciplines and Academic Roles

The burgeoning role of artificial intelligence (AI) and Generative AI (GenAI) in academia signifies a transformative shift in educational methodologies and research practices. This mixed-methods cross-sectional study investigates the differential familiarity, usage and attitudes towards AI and GenAI among 704 students and lecturers, supplemented by in-depth interviews with 12 industry and academic professionals. Findings indicate minimal familiarity with AI tools and low use, primarily attributing this to a lack of knowledge. Notably, despite a reported higher familiarity among men than women, actual usage rates did not significantly differ. Discrepancies were also observed between students and lecturers in familiarity and usage, with institutional factors and generational divides impacting AI integration. The study underscores the necessity for academia to bridge these gaps through targeted AI literacy initiatives, fostering equitable access and integrating AI into curriculum and training.