TO STUDY THE UTILITY OF BONE MARROW ASPIRATION AND BIOPSY AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL IN PEDIATRIC POPULATIONS WITH VARIOUS HEMATOLOGICAL AND NON-HEMATOLOGICAL CONDITIONS AT TERTIARY HEALTH CARE CENTER

Background: In the pediatric population, hematological disorders span a wide range, from relatively common conditions such as nutritional deficiency anemia to rare and severe disorders like leukemia. Additionally, there are syndromic disorders that affect the stem cell differentiation of the bone marrow, including Fanconi's anemia and Diamond-Blackfan syndrome. Bone marrow examination is a valuable diagnostic tool in hematology, providing essential information for the diagnosis and management of hematological and some non-hematological disorders. This procedure is commonly performed in hospitals, as it is generally simple and relatively safe. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to determine the indications and the spectrum of hematological and non-hematological disorders diagnosed by using bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy in the pediatric population. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted over 110 patients of 0-18 years of age groups in the Department of Pathology, M.G.M Medical College, Indore. Socio-demographic and clinical details were recorded. All relevant investigations were done in each cases. Results: Amongst the total majority of cases (34.5%) were 6-10 years of age group, predominantly male (55%). The most common clinical presentations was fever (66%) and pallor was the commonest sign (47%). The most common indication for performing bone marrow examination was to rule out hematological malignancy (27%) followed by Evaluation of cytopenia cases (19%). Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was the most prevalent diagnosis (35.5%), followed by acute myeloid leukemia (12.7%) and erythroid hyperplasia (5.5%). leukemia’s cases were seen more in male child. Conclusion: Understanding of pediatric hematological disorders, providing essential data for optimizing diagnostic strategies and improving clinical outcomes in pediatric hematology.