Human-computer interaction interface design of flight simulator based on situation awareness

To meet the comprehensive requirements of drivers for Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) during operation and to enhance situation awareness (SA), this paper proposes a design and evaluation method for flight simulator HCI interfaces grounded in SA. Firstly, the widely adopted Endsley's SA model, which comprehensively covers processes relevant to individual drivers was selected as the foundational framework. The study concentrates on flight, cruise, and landing scenarios within the simulator, analyzing and restructuring the information architecture of the HCI interface. Secondly, a self-assessment scale was developed based on the three-level model of information processing for SA to measure drivers' SA cognitive levels. The core scenarios of the simulation training were analyzed to establish a design-making process. Thirdly, invite participants were invited to engage in simulated driving sessions on the flight simulator, where their SA cognitive levels were assessed. An analysis of detail features was performed on samples with high SA cognitive levels. Subsequently, drivers' requirements for the control layout features of the HCI interface design were gathered through surveys. The design detail features of the HCI interface associated with high SA cognitive levels were identified and synthesized into four distinct dimensions to guide the detailed design process. Finally, participants engaged in simulated driving using the finalized interface design, and their SA cognitive levels were reassessed. The results demonstrated that the HCI interface design derived from this method significantly improved SA cognitive levels compared to the original design.