Abstract 4117645: Ischemic Heart Disease Trends in Canada: A 30-Year Epidemiological Study

Introduction: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) results from coronary artery blockages that impede myocardial blood flow. We aim to examine the temporal trends of IHD in Canada from 1990 to 2019, assessing age-standardized mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and other health indicators. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study on Canadian IHD cases over three decades. The study investigated age-standardized deaths, DALYs, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), prevalence, and incidence across both sexes. We performed statistical analyses using Microsoft Excel 16.63.1. Results: Over the period from 1990 to 2019, Canadian men and women experienced notable decreases in IHD incident rates [-45.11%], overall mortality [-60.64%], YLLs [-62.824%], prevalence [-26.778%], YLDs [-48.729%], and DALYs [-50.467%]. Detailed analysis revealed a reduction in death rates by 61.311% in men and 61.119% in women, while YLLs decreased by 63.115% for men and 63.808% for women. Similarly, DALYs showed a decline of 62.67% for men and 63.25% for women. Prevalence rates fell by 25.417% in women and 29.594% in men, whereas YLDs decreased by 51.148% for women and 49.172% for men. The 2019 data confirmed a per 100,000 population count of 48.78 YLDs, 1020.28 YLLs, and 1069.06 DALYs across both sexes. Conclusions: This study illustrates a significant decrease in ischemic heart disease (IHD) metrics in Canada from 1990 to 2019, highlighting notable reductions in mortality, prevalence, and disability rates among both genders. The findings underscore the effectiveness of healthcare improvements and public health initiatives and IHD. Despite these advancements, IHD continues to pose a substantial health challenge, indicating the need for ongoing efforts in medical care, policy-making, and lifestyle modifications to further alleviate the disease's burden in Canada.